Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) on Periodic Classification of Elements of CBSE Class 10 Science are provided here with answers and their explanation. These questions are good to practice the objective type questions that will appear in the Class 10 Science Question Paper 2020.
MCQs from CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 5: Periodic Classification of Elements
1. How many periods and groups are present in the periodic table?
a) 7 periods and 18 groups
b) 8 periods and 7 groups
c) 7 periods and 7 groups
Answer: (a) 7 periods and 18 groups
Explanation: Modern periodic table consists of 7 horizontal rows known as periods and 18 vertical columns named as groups.
2. Which of the following forms the basis of the modern periodic table?
a) Atomic mass
b) Atomic number
c) Number of nucleons
d) All of these
Answer: (b) Atomic number
Explanation: Modern periodic table is based on the atomic numbers of elements as according to the modern periodic law the properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic numbers.
a) Increase
b) Decreases
c) First increases than decreases
d) First decreases than increases
Answer: (b) Decreases
Explanation: Electropositive character of an element is its ability to lose electrons and form positive ions. Now, as on moving from left to right in a period of periodic table, the nuclear charge increases due to the gradual increase in number of protons, so the valence electrons are pulled more strongly by the nucleus. Thus, it becomes more and more difficult for the atoms to lose electrons causing a decrease in the electropositive character of elements on moving from left to right in a periodic table.
a) 4th group
b) 2nd group
c) 14th group
d) 18th group
Answer: (c) 14th group
Explanation: In the periodic table, elements having 4 valence electrons are placed in group 14.
5. Which of the following is the correct order of the atomic radii of the elements oxygen, fluorine and nitrogen?
a) O < F < N
b) N < F < O
c) O < N < F
d) F < O < N
Answer: (d) F < O < N
6. What is the other name for group 18th elements?
a) Noble gases
b) Alkali metals
c) Alkali earth metals
d) Halogens
Answer: (a) Noble gases
Explanation: Group 18th elements are named as noble gases as they are very stable due to having the maximum number of valence electrons their outermost shell can hold, hence they rarely react with other elements.
7. Which of the following is the most reactive element of the group 17?
a) Oxygen
b) Sodium
c) Fluorine
d) Magnesium
Answer: (c) Fluorine
Explanation: As we move down in a group, the size of the atoms of elements goes on increasing. So, fluorine being on the top position in the halogen’s group, is the smallest element and has the maximum tendency to gain an electron to complete its octet. Thus fluorine is the most reactive element of the group 17.
8. Element X forms a chloride with the formula XCl2, which is a solid with a high melting point. X would most likely be in the same group of the Periodic Table as
a) Na
b) Mg
c) Al
d) Si
Answer: (b) Mg
Explanation: Group 2 alkaline earth metal atoms have two valence electrons each. They can donate their two valence electrons to two other chlorine atoms to form the solid compounds of the form XCl2.
This XCl2 compound being ionic in nature, has a very strong electrostatic forces of attraction between 2 chloride atoms and 1 metal atom. Thus a large amount of heat is required to break these strong bonds, causing the compound to have very high melting and boiling points.
9. Which group elements are called transition metals?
a) Group number 1 to 2
b) Group number 13 to 18
c) Group number 3 to 12
d) Group number 1 to 8
Answer: (c) Group number 3 to 12
Explanation: The elements occurring in the group 3 to 12 are named as transition metals because they are metallic elements that form a transition between the main group elements, which occur in groups 1 and 2 on the left side, and groups 13–18 on the right side of the periodic table.
10. Which of the following elements has 2 shells and both are completely filled?
a) Helium
b) Neon
c) Calcium
d) Boron
Answer: (b) Neon
Explanation: Neon with the atomic number 10, has the electronic configuration as:
Hence, both its K and L shells are completely filled.
11. Which of the following is the atomic number of an element that forms basic oxide?
a) 18
b) 17
c) 19
d) 15
Answer: (c) 19
Explanation: The elements which can donate their valence electrons to other atoms are the metallic elements which form basic oxides as they give hydroxides in their aqueous solutions.
12. The elements A, B and C belong to group 2, 14 and 16 respectively, of the periodic table. Which of the two elements will form covalent bonds?
a) A and B
b) B and C
c) C and A
d) None of these
Answer: (b) B and C
Explanation: The covalent bond is formed by the sharing of electrons between two atoms. As the element B (which belongs to group 14) has 4 valence electrons which it can share with two elements of C type (from group 16) electrons to complete the octet of each included atom:
13. Which of the following does not decrease while moving down the group of the periodic table?
a) Atomic radius
b) Metallic character
c) Number of shells in the atom
d) Valence electrons
Answer: (d) Valence electrons
Explanation: Number of valence electrons in a group remain the same.
14. An element X belongs to the 3rd period and 1st group of the periodic table. What is the number of valence electrons in its atom?
a) 1
b) 3
c) 6
d) 8
Answer: (a) 1
Explanation: As the element belongs to the 1st group of the periodic table, so the number of valence electrons in its atom is one.
15. An element M is in group 13th of the periodic table, the formula for its oxide is
a) MO
b) M2O3
c) M3O2
d) None of these
Answer: (b) M2O3
Explanation: As the element M belongs to group 13th of the periodic table so it has 3 valence electrons, i.e., it can have +3 oxidation state while oxygen atom (with 2 valency) has −2 oxidation state. So the formula for the corresponding oxide is M2O3.
MCQs on other chapters of Class 10 Science can be checked from the following links:
Important MCQs from Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions & Equations
Important MCQs from Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts
Important MCQs from Chapter 3 Metals and Non-Metals
Important MCQs from Chapter 4 Carbon and its Compounds
Links of MCQs for remaining chapters will be provided here very soon.
Students can also check the following links to explore some important articles which will be quite helpful to make quick and effective revisions before the CBSE Science Exam 2020:
CBSE Class 10 Science Exam Pattern 2020 with Important Preparation Tips
CBSE Class 10 Science Important Questions and Answers for Board Exam 2020
CBSE Class 10 Science Solved Previous Year Question Papers
CBSE Class 10 Physics Important Diagrams